| 高寒阴湿区与干旱区马铃薯试管薯大田直播研究 |
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| 引用本文：张 武,高彦萍,孙小花,王敏,吕和平.高寒阴湿区与干旱区马铃薯试管薯大田直播研究[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(12):1987~1993 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2019.12.010 |
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| 基金项目:甘肃省农科院农业科技创新专项(2019GAAS04)；国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0201602-4，2018YFD0200805）；兰州市人才创新创业（2016-RC-65）；甘肃省农业科学院院列青年基金（2016GAAS40）。 |
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| 中文摘要:为明确马铃薯试管薯大田直播栽培技术的可行性及生物产量与块茎淀粉的积累，采用随机区组设计研究在不同地区不同播种深度对试管薯植株生长发育、生物产量及块茎淀粉等因素的影响。试验以 0.22～0.27 g的‘陇薯3号’试管薯为材料，以4、5、6、7 cm 4个水平的播种深度在甘肃省高寒阴湿区与干旱区进行大田直播试验，结果表明：（1）马铃薯试管薯大田直播出苗率在92.2%以上，高寒阴湿区要适当浅播（播深5 cm），干旱地区适当深播（播深7 cm）。（2）播种深度对株高无显著影响，在相同播深下高寒阴湿区株高显著高于干旱区株高，茎粗在不同播种深度之间以6 cm播深茎粗显著高于其他播深；（3）单株结薯个数在不同种植区及播深下无显著变化，试管薯块茎产量积累量在高寒阴湿区随播深增加呈现下降的趋势，干旱地区随播深增加呈增长趋势，且高寒阴湿区块茎产量积累量高于干旱区；（4）在同一生育期高寒阴湿区块茎淀粉积累量随着播深增加呈现显著减少的趋势，而干旱区块茎淀粉积累量随着播深增加呈现显著增加的趋势。在块茎膨大期、淀粉积累期、成熟期高寒阴湿区块茎淀粉积累量高于干旱区。 |
| 中文关键词:试管薯 大田直播 高寒阴湿区 干旱区 播种深度 |
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| Studies on Direct-seeding of Potato Microtuber in the Alpine Wetland and Arid Area |
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| Abstract:In order to determine the direct-seeding feasibility of potato microtubers and figure out its effects on the growth, biological yield and starch accumulation of microtubers.The randomized block experiments of direct seeding was conducted with different seeding depths, including 4, 5, 6 and 7 cm, in alpine wetland and arid area of Gansu province. ‘Longshu 3’ (The mass ranged from 0.22- 0.27 g) was served as material. The results showed that were as fol1ows:(i)The emergence rate of direct-seeding potato microtubers was more than 92.2%.The proper sowing depth was about 5 cm in alpine wetland and about 7 cm in arid areas.(ii) Plant height had no significant differences among different treatments of seeding depth in the same areas, nevertheless, the plant height exhibited significantly higher in alpine wetland than in arid area at the same seeding depth. The treatment of 6 cm seeding depth had significantly longer stem diameter than the other seeding depths.(iii) The tuber number per plant displayed no significant changes in seeding areas and seeding depths. The microtuber yield reduced with the increase of seeding depths in the alpine wetland, but in the opposite trend in the arid area. Moreover, the tuber yields were higher in the alpine wetland than in the arid area. (iv) The starch accumulation of tuber decreased with the increase of seeding depths in the alpine wetland but increased in the opposite trend in the arid area. The starch accumulation was higher in the alpine wetland than in the arid area at the bulking stage, starch accumulation stage and maturity stage. |
| keywords:Potato microtuber Direct-seeding Alpine wetland Arid areas Seeding depth |
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